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1 C o r r e c t a n s w e r : b . T h e r i s k c a n n o t b e a b o l i s h e d b y a h e a l t h y l i f e s t y l e , b u t i t c a n b e g r e a t l y r e d u c e d . D i a b e t e s k i l l s m o r e p e o p l e t h a n T B , m a l a r i a , a n d H I V p u t t o g e t h e r . I f d i a b e t i c r e t i n o p a t h y i s d i a g n o s e d a n d t r e a t e d p r o m p t l y , b l i n d n e s s c a n b e p r e v e n t e d i n a l m o s t a l l c a s e s . D i a b e t i c r e t i n o p a t h y i s u s u a l l y a s y m p t o m a t i c i n i t s e a r l y s t a g e s . 2 C o r r e c t a n s w e r : d . B y r e g u l a r l y a t t e n d i n g a p p o i n t m e n t s , D R c a n b e d e t e c t e d e a r l y a n d t r e a t e d b e f o r e i t c a u s e s v i s u a l l o s s . L i f e s t y l e c h a n g e s c a n r e d u c e , b u t n o t e l i m i n a t e , t h e r i s k o f c o m p l i c a t i o n s . A n y o n e w i t h d i a b e t e s c a n d e v e l o p d i a b e t i c e y e d i s e a s e . T h e d u r a t i o n o f d i a b e t e s a n d h i g h b l o o d g l u c o s e l e v e l s a r e t h e m o s t i m p o r t a n t r i s k f a c t o r s . G o o d c o n t r o l o f b l o o d p r e s s u r e i s , h o w e v e r , a l s o v e r y i m p o r t a n t t o r e d u c e t h e r i s k o f d i a b e t i c r e t i n o p a t h y . B l o o d g l u c o s e c o n t r o l r e d u c e s t h e r i s k o f c o m p l i c a t i o n s , b u t d o e s n o t e l i m i n a t e i t . C o m p l i c a t i o n s m a y a l s o b e t h e r e s u l t o f p o o r c o n t r o l i n p r e v i o u s y e a r s , e v e n i f c o n t r o l i s g o o d n o w . L a s e r t r e a t m e n t c a n s t a b i l i s e t h e v i s i o n , b u t u s u a l l y d o e s n o t i m p r o v e i t . ( L a s e r t r e a t m e n t m a y b e u s e d t o p r e v e n t t h e d e v e l o p m e n t o f p r o l i f e r a t i v e r e t i n o p a t h y o r t o t r e a t d i a b e t i c m a c u l a r o e d e m a . ) 3 C o r r e c t a n s w e r : c . B o t h d e t e c t i o n a n d t r e a t m e n t a r e n e e d e d t o r e d u c e t h e r i s k o f b l i n d n e s s . S c r e e n i n g a l o n e w i l l n o t p r e v e n t b l i n d n e s s . T h e r e m u s t b e a r e f e r r a l n e t w o r k t o c o n f i r m t h e d i a g n o s i s a n d t o d e l i v e r e f f e c t i v e t r e a t m e n t . A f f o r d a b i l i t y i s n o t t h e o n l y c h a l l e n g e . A w a r e n e s s o f , a c c e s s t o , a n d a v a i l a b i l i t y o f s e r v i c e s a r e a l s o r e q u i r e d t o p r e v e n t b l i n d n e s s . B l i n d n e s s c a u s e d b y D R i s i n c r e a s i n g l y c o m m o n i n l o w i n c o m e c o u n t r i e s . 4 C o r r e c t a n s w e r : a . T h e s u p p o r t o f o t h e r h e a l t h w o r k e r s i s e s s e n t i a l . T h e n u m b e r o f p e o p l e w i t h d i a b e t e s c a n b e e s t i m a t e d f r o m t h e g l o b a l a t l a s o f d i a b e t e s . L o c a l , d i s t r i c t l e v e l p r o g r a m m e s a r e s i m p l e r a n d c h e a p e r t h a n a n a t i o n a l p r o g r a m m e . O p h t h a l m o l o g i s t s m a y b e n e e d e d t o e x a m i n e p a t i e n t s w i t h t h e m o s t a d v a n c e d r e t i n o p a t h y , b u t a s c r e e n i n g p r o g r a m m e m a y u s e p h o t o g r a p h e r s o r o t h e r h e a l t h c a r e w o r k e r s t o e x a m i n e p a t i e n t s w i t h n o o r m i n i m a l r e t i n o p a t h y . Picture quiz
منابع مشابه
Anatomy of the brain and skull.
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